S, epidemiological research to detect associations of gene polymorphisms with disease phenotypes are preferred.
HHS Public AccessAuthor manuscriptBiochim Biophys Acta. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2016 April 01.Published in final edited kind as: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015 April ; 1855(two): 27600. doi:ten.1016/j.bbcan.2015.03.006.Author Manuscript Author Manuscript Author Manuscript Author ManuscriptInsights into the crucial roles of proteoglycans in breast cancer biology and translational medicineAchilleas D. Theocharis1, Spyros S. Skandalis1, Thomas Neill2, Hinke A. B. Multhaupt3, Mario Hubo4, Helena Frey4, Sandeep Gopal3, Ang ica Gomes3, Nikos Afratis3, Hooi Ching Lim3, John R. Couchman3, Jorge Filmus5, Ralph D. Sanderson6, Liliana Schaefer4, Renato V. Iozzo2, and Nikos K. Karamanos1,1Biochemistry,Biochemical Evaluation Matrix Pathobiology Investigation Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Division of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece2Departmentof Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling System, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA of Biomedical Sciences and Biotech Study Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Denmark3Department4Universityof Frankfurt, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590 Germany of Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Analysis Institute and Division of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Canada6University5Departmentof Alabama at Birmingham, Division of Pathology, UAB Extensive Cancer Center, 1720 2nd Ave. S, WTI 602B, Birmingham, AL 35294, USAAbstractProteoglycans control various standard and pathological processes, among which are morphogenesis, tissue repair, inflammation, vascularization and cancer metastasis. For the duration of tumor development and development, proteoglycan expression is markedly modified within the tumor microenvironment. Altered expression of proteoglycans on tumor and stromal cell membranes affects cancer cell signaling, development and survival, cell adhesion, migration and angiogenesis. Regardless of the high complexity and heterogeneity of breast cancer, the fast evolution in our know-how that proteoglycans are amongst the essential players in the breast tumor microenvironment suggests their prospective as pharmacological targets in this form of cancer. It has been recently suggested that pharmacological therapy may target proteoglycan metabolism, their utilization as targets for immunotherapy or their direct use as therapeutic agents. The diversity inherent within the proteoglycans that can be presented herein offers the possible for various layers of regulation2015 Published by Elsevier B.V. Corresponding author: Nikos K. Karamanos, address as above, phone: +30-2610-997915, [email protected]. Publisher’s Disclaimer: This can be a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our consumers we’re giving this early version in the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and assessment of the resulting proof prior to it truly is published in its final citable kind. Please note that in the course of the production process errors might be discovered which could impact the BMS-986094 manufacturer content, and all legal disclaimers that apply for the IL-1 Proteins Storage & Stability journal pertain.Theocharis et al.Pageof breast tumor behavior. This critique summarizes recent developments regarding the biology of chosen proteoglycans in breast cancer, and presents prospective.