Situ cancer vaccine S astien Paris1, Agnes Pottier1, Laurent Levy1, Bo Lu2 1 Nanobiotix, Paris, Ile-de-France, France; 2Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA Correspondence: Agnes Pottier ([email protected]) Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2016, 4(Suppl 1):P358 Background Helpful immunotherapy demands optimal combination of immunotherapeutic agents to build a robust immune response against cancer. Within this framework, radiotherapy has confirmed its capability to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), displaying a promising possible for prosperous mixture. Hafnium oxide (HfO2) nanoparticles, undergoing clinical trials for enhancing radiotherapy, was created as higher electron density material at the nanoscale to improve the absorption of radiation delivered inside tumors. The nanoparticles are taken up by cancer cells and, when IL-18R alpha Proteins Synonyms exposed to radiotherapy, locally increase the radiation dose deposit, triggering much more cancer cells death when when Inhibin B Proteins Purity & Documentation compared with radiotherapy alone (Fig. 60). Techniques Generation of ICD elements namely calreticulin (CALR) surface exposure, release of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein and liberation of adenosine-5′-triphosphate (ATP) had been examined on human cancer cell lines across human cancer forms, 24- to 96-hrs post-treatment with HfO2 nanoparticles and exposure to irradiation (from 4Gy to 15 Gy). CT 26 (murine colorectal cancer cells) treated with or with no HfO2 nanoparticles had been exposed to irradiation (6Gy). Irradiated cells (1.106) had been inoculated subcutaneously in to the flank of BALB/c mice (vaccination phase). Seven days immediately after, mice were challenged with reside CT 26 tumor cells (3.105) (challenge phase). The host immune response against these cells was evaluated by the apparition of a minimum of one tumor (vaccination or challenge web site). Leads to vitro, human cancer cell lines treated with HfO2 nanoparticles exposed to irradiation enhanced the quantity of ICD (additional than 25 ) when compared to irradiation alone. Interestingly, in tested human cell lines HCT116 (radiosensitive colorectal cancer) and 42MGBA (radioresistant glioblastoma), the generation of HMGB1 from cells treated with HfO2 nanoparticles and exposed to 4Gy and 10Gy respectively, was superior to the generation of ICD from cells treated with 6Gy and 15Gy alone respectively. In vivo,Fig. 60 (abstract P358). HfO2 nanoparticles: exact same mode of action than radiotherapy, but amplifiedP359 five T4 oncofetal protein an old antigen to get a novel prostate cancer vaccine Federica Cappuccini1, Emily Pollock1, Richard Bryant2, Freddie Hamdy2, Adrian Hill1, Irina Redchenko1 1 The Jenner Institute/University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK; 2Nuffield Division of Surgical Sciences/University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK Correspondence: Irina Redchenko([email protected]) Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2016, 4(Suppl 1):P359 Background Prostate cancer is definitely the cancer type for which the very first therapeutic vaccine was authorized by the FDA. Sipuleucel-T is actually a customized cell primarily based immunotherapy that charges 93,000 per patient and prolongs life for four.1 months. A further most clinically sophisticated prostate cancer vaccine, ProstVac-VF, is depending on the two replication competent viral vectors, vaccinia and fowlpox. A international phase III trial of this vaccine has completed enrollment and also the benefits are eagerly awaited by the scientific community. Each Sipuleucel-T and ProstVac-VF have been shown to induce cellular immune responses however the responses have been o.