Swers for the analysis inquiries are provided and also a handful of remarks
Swers towards the analysis questions are provided as well as a handful of remarks about possible investigation development are proposed. two. An Overview of the Legislative Discipline on Renewable Power Communities in Europe: The Circumstances of France, Germany and Spain In an effort to give a term of comparison with regards to the amount of development of the renewable energy communities in Italy, in this section a brief analysis with the existing state of development of REC in Germany, France and Spain is provided (The three nations happen to be selected as a benchmark offered their similarity with Italy in terms of dimension and socio-economic structure). In Germany, the active participation of citizens within the power field includes a powerful tradition, as it dates back to the 20th century [13]. In particular, because of the adoption of the Renewable Power Sources Act (Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetz–EEG) on 1 April 2000, there has been a re-emergence on the organizational kind in the cooperatives inside the power sector, and its peak was reached in 2011 [14]. Also to the EEG, the energy market place liberalization and also the selection to abandon nuclear electrical energy production have contributed to the development of power self-production initiatives. In DNQX disodium salt Cancer specific, this type of production resulted inside the opening from the marketplace to a wider range of subjects, stimulation of the competitors, too as in the birth of bottom-up projects [15]. The EEG, that is a series of laws, was initially adopted to encourage the generation of renewable energies through the adoption with the fed-in-tariff. Since the year 2000, it has been revised various instances, and also the last version came into force on 1 January 2021. However, it was in 2017 that an amendment of your EEG established the gradual phase-out from the fed-in-tariff, and at the very same time, it introduced the so called “citizens power companies” (B gerenergiegesellschaften).Energies 2021, 14,four ofThe “citizens power companies”, as ruled by the 2017 EEG version, have some prevalent options with the renewable power communities introduced by the Directive 2018/2001, but don’t respect each of the requirement posed by the EU Directive itself. The aim of your “citizens power companies” is always to overcome small-sized plants which might be not cost-efficient enough, by enforcing the connection among distinctive plants by means of the distribution of financial incentives [16]. Moreover, Germans are favorable towards such kind of collective initiatives as they often think about the participation to renewable energy projects a “civic engagement” [17]; trust has been noted to be just about the most C2 Ceramide Technical Information important element for the accomplishment of projects involving renewable energies production and distribution [18]. The legislative framework regarding REC has been partially modified by the Federal law n. 574/2021, authorized by the Bundesrat and published on 30th August 2021, which has transposed the Directive 2018/2001. The second most populated country in EU, France, in 2015 adopted the Energy Transition Law for Green Growth (LTECV), that for the first time introduced distinct measures, the so-called “participatory bonuses”, to market the improvement and participation of neighborhood citizens in renewable energy projects. This law had the merit of making it less complicated to create citizens’ energy production projects that could possibly be financed by each the local citizens and municipalities. Afterwards, RECs are explicitly talked about by article 40 of your Law n. 2019-1147 concerning the power and climate, which has transposed the.